Глоссарий (Медицинская энциклопедия)

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Cancer: A group of diseases in which malignant cells grow out of control and spread to other parts of the body. Find more information on Cancer.
Cancer in situ: The stage where the cancer is still confined to the tissue in which it started.
Candidiasis: A common fungal infection.
Carcinogen: A substance that causes cancer. For example, nicotine in cigarettes is a carcinogen that causes lung cancer.
Carcinoma: A type of cancer that starts in the skin or the lining of organs.
Adenocarcinoma: A malignant tumor arising from glandular tissue.
Basal cell carcinoma: The most common type of skin cancer.
Bronchogenic carcinoma: A cancer originating in the lungs or airways.
Cervical carcinoma: A cancer of the cervix (the neck of the uterus).
Endometrial carcinoma: A cancer of the lining of the uterus.
Squamous cell carcinoma: Cancer arising from the skin or the surfaces of other structures, such as the mouth, cervix, or lungs.
Cardiomegaly: An enlargement of the heart.
CAT scan (CT scan): A test using computers and x-rays to create images of various parts of the body.
CEA (Carcinoembryonic antigen): A blood tumor marker.
Cellulitis: The inflammation of an area of the skin (epithelial layer).

Central venous catheter: A special intravenous tubing that is surgically inserted into a large vein near the heart and exits from the chest or abdomen. The catheter allows medications, fluids, or blood products to be given and blood samples to be taken.
Cervical nodes: Lymph nodes in the neck.
Chemotherapy: The treatment of cancer with drugs is called chemotherapy.
Adjuvant chemotherapy: Chemotherapy given to kill any remaining cancer cells, usually after all detectable tumor is removed by surgery or radiotherapy.
Combination chemotherapy: The use of more than one drug during cancer treatment.
Chronic: Persisting over a long period of time.
Colonoscopy: A procedure to look at the colon or large bowel through a lighted, flexible tube.
Colony-stimulating factor (CSF): An injectable substance used to stimulate the bone marrow to produce more cells.
Colostomy: A surgical procedure by which an opening is created between the colon and the outside of the abdomen to allow stool to be emptied into a collection bag.
Colposcopy: Examination of the vagina and cervix with an instrument called a colposcope.
Congestive heart failure: A buildup of fluid in the lungs or extremities, or both (especially the legs). This occurs if the heart cannot pump the blood adequately.
Cyst: An accumulation of fluid or semisolid material within a sac.
Cystitis: An inflammation of the bladder.